devinjcornell

Comparative Semantic Analysis: Operational Strategies

Intuitive demonstrations of Word2Vec like synonym generation and analogy tests provide compelling evidence that semantic representations are not only possible but also meaningful. While they may hold many opportunities for machine learning on text data, little work has gone into exploring texts on a smaller scale. If one is interested in comparing how texts use concepts in different contexts, small and contextually sparse corpuses may be sufficient. In this work I propose several methodological advancements for comparative semantic analysis and look at some of the biggest challenges that have yet to be addressed.

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Word2Vec for Comparative Semantic Spaces

I’ve recently become interested in Word2Vec as a way to represent semantic relationships between words in a corpus. In particular, I’m interested in making comparisons between corpuses: how do different texts organize concepts differently? Here I attempt to sketch a theoretical basis for word2vec drawing from early structural linguistics and sociology. Then I examine some basic results from training a word2vec model on the Gutenberg texts built into the nltk python library. Might this approach have utility for understanding how authors organize different concepts in a text?

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Belief Network Timeseries Analaysis

Last year I came across a working paper for AJS on Belief Network Analysis by Andrei Boutyline [1]. The paper looks at American National Election Survey data and examines two theories for the process of political opinion formation: Lakoff’s Theory of Moral Politics and Campbell’s Theory of Political Identity. This project, in collaboration with Sujaya Maiyya, was focused on extending BNA to the American National Election Survey timeseries data to test some of the claims Andrei made in response to an investigation from Delia Baldassarri using Relational Class Analysis [2]. The original work was performed by analyzing survey data from the year 2000, but we argue that no claims can be made about this process unless we make a longitudinal investigation.

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NetworkXTimeseries: A Python Library for Network Timeseries Data Structures

Several of my projects over the last few months have leaned in the direction of longitudinal studies. The question every sociologist asks is “how did we get here?”, so it makes sense that one would like to explore how things have been changing before now. My conclusion is that if networks provide meaningful investigation into the types of questions we are trying to answer, then we need to understand how these networks change over time.

This Python library is useful because it allows one to easily transition from a traditional networkx object to simple time series dataframe representations in Pandas and Numpy. I’ve already used it in several projects and I hope you can use it too!

networkxtimeseries Python Library GitHub

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Weighted Correlation Network Analysis Python Library

Along with recent shifts in the Sociology of Culture towards relational techniques is the use of the correlation network. Instead of examining the answers to survey responses themselves, these approaches look at relationships between questions and try to take meaning from structural properties of the whole. I also used some of these techniques for the GHTC 2016 conference [1] with Lee exploring USAID data from Guatemala. The results appear in our paper [1], but the true inspiration comes from the work on statistical methods for gene co-expression [2]. One particularly exciting work in sociology [3] also tries to explain the structure of political beliefs using these networks.

I plan to do further work using these techniques, so I created a python library for anyone interested.

WCNA Python Library GitHub

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